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What is a network adapter and what are the different types of network adapters?

Have you ever heard of the Network Adapter ? It is a very important hardware component found in almost all modern computers. Without it, your computer will remain a powerful machine, but it will lack important capabilities that we use every day.

Table of ContentsWhat is a Network Adapter?Types of Network Adapters1]Network Interface Controller, also known as NIC2]Interconnecting Peripheral Components3]USB Network Adapters4]Virtual Network Adapters5]How to Find the Wireless Network Adapter in Windows ?6]Do you need a network adapter to connect to the internet?

What is a network adapter?

A network card is a hardware component located in a computer. Its main purpose is to allow your computer to communicate over a network with another computing device. It can also allow computers to communicate with each other through a server, a Local Area Network (LAN) or even a network device.

Also, some network adapters are external, so you'll need to download and install a driver manually if the operating system requires it. We should note that a network adapter is different from a router.

Types of network adapters

There are wired and wireless network adapters, and they can be used in a range of computing devices. If you are unfamiliar with the different types, keep reading for valuable information. We will discuss the following:

  1. Network Interface Controller, also known as NIC
  2. Interconnection of peripheral components
  3. USB network adapters
  4. Virtual network adapters
  5. How to find the wireless network adapter in Windows 11?
  6. Do you need a network card to connect to the Internet?

1]Network Interface Controller, also called NIC

This type of network adapter is the most common because it is usually built directly into the motherboard of most computers. Network Interface Controller, also known as Network Interface Card tends to use 802.11 as the primary standard for Wi-Fi connectivity.

This standard is found in most tablets and laptops, but not only, it can communicate with most routers since they support said standard.

2]Interconnection of peripheral components

the Interconnection of peripheral components (PCI) Network adapters were quite common in the 90s and early 2000s. For the PCI to work, the user must connect it directly to the PCI card slot so that it interfaces with the motherboard.

From what we can tell, these adapters usually come with an antenna attached to receive wireless signals for the purpose of connecting the computer to the internet.

Although they are external network adapters, Peripheral Component Interconnect devices are designed similarly to the NIC adapter and as such they can allow both wired and wireless network connections.

Now, it should be noted that the PCI standard was later replaced by PCI Express or PCIe for short.

3]USB Network Adapters

When it comes to this type of network adapter, it usually comes in the form of a USB dongle that plugs directly into your computer's USB port. Some models have a protruding antenna, while others have the built-in antenna.

Folk tend to use these adapters on older computers that don't have an internal network adapter, or the Internet adapter Wi-Fi standard is too old.

Some USB network adapters support both wired and wireless connections, but these designs are not very common.

4]Virtual network adapters

Yes, there is something called a virtual network card. These elements are usually found in a Virtual Private Network, or VPN for short.

5]How to find the wireless network adapter under Windows?

Locating Wireless Adapter from Windows 11/10 is very easy to do. Simply right-click on the start menu button and from there select Device Manager. Once you have done this, please scroll down until you come across Network Adapters. Expand this section and you should immediately see your wireless network adapter listed.

Read :How to reset network adapters using the network reset function in Windows.

6]Do you need a network adapter to connect to the internet?

The simple answer to this question is yes. No matter what computer you are using, be it a desktop, laptop, tablet or smartphone, it is not possible to connect to the internet without network adapter.